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Compare Macau (2001) - Cayman Islands (2002)
Compare Macau (2001) z Cayman Islands (2002)
| Macau (2001) | Cayman Islands (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (special administrative region of China) | 8 districts; Creek, Eastern, Midland, South Town, Spot Bay, Stake Bay, West End, Western |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
22.68% (male 53,291; female 49,615) 15-64 years: 70.08% (male 150,538; female 167,431) 65 years and over: 7.24% (male 13,287; female 19,571) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: 22% (male 3,836; female 4,156)
15-64 years: 69.7% (male 12,335; female 12,929) 65 years and over: 8.3% (male 1,399; female 1,618) (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | rice, vegetables | vegetables, fruit; livestock, turtle farming |
| Airports | 1 (2000 est.) | 3 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
total: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002) |
| Area | total:
21 sq km land: 21 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 262 sq km
land: 262 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC | 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Colonized by the Portuguese in the 16th century, Macau was the first European settlement in the Far East. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and Portugal on 13 April 1987, Macau became the Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 20 December 1999. China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be practiced in Macau and that Macau will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs. | The Cayman Islands were colonized from Jamaica by the British during the 18th and 19th centuries. Administered by Jamaica from 1863, they remained a British dependency after 1962 when the former became independent. |
| Birth rate | 12.36 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 13.45 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$1.26 billion expenditures: $1.22 billion, including capital expenditures of $175 million (1999 est.) |
revenues: $265.2 million
expenditures: $248.9 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997) |
| Capital | - | George Town |
| Climate | subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers | tropical marine; warm, rainy summers (May to October) and cool, relatively dry winters (November to April) |
| Coastline | 40 km | 160 km |
| Constitution | Basic Law, approved in March 1993 by China's National People's Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution" | 1959, revised 1972 and 1992 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Macau Special Administrative Region conventional short form: Macau local long form: Aomen Tebie Xingzhengqu (Chinese); Regiao Administrativa Especial de Macau (Portuguese) local short form: Aomen (Chinese); Macau (Portuguese) |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Cayman Islands |
| Currency | pataca (MOP) | Caymanian dollar (KYD) |
| Death rate | 3.71 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 5.24 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Debt - external | $1.7 billion (1997) | $70 million (1996) |
| Dependency status | special administrative region of China | overseas territory of the UK |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | the US has no offices in Macau, and US interests are monitored by the US Consulate General in Hong Kong | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (special administrative region of China) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $NA |
| Economy - overview | The economy is based largely on tourism (including gambling) and textile and fireworks manufacturing. Efforts to diversify have spawned other small industries - toys, artificial flowers, and electronics. The tourist sector has accounted for roughly 25% of GDP, and the clothing industry has provided about three-fourths of export earnings; the gambling industry probably represents over 40% of GDP. More than 8 million tourists visited Macau in 2000. Macau depends on China for most of its food, fresh water, and energy imports. Japan and Hong Kong are the main suppliers of raw materials and capital goods. Output dropped 5% in 1998 and 3% in 1999, with a small 2% gain in 2000. Macau reverted to Chinese administration on 20 December 1999. Gang violence, a dark spot in the economy, probably will be reduced in 2000-01 to the advantage of the tourism sector. | With no direct taxation, the islands are a thriving offshore financial center. More than 40,000 companies were registered in the Cayman Islands as of 1998, including almost 600 banks and trust companies; banking assets exceed $500 billion. A stock exchange was opened in 1997. Tourism is also a mainstay, accounting for about 70% of GDP and 75% of foreign currency earnings. The tourist industry is aimed at the luxury market and caters mainly to visitors from North America. Total tourist arrivals exceeded 1.2 million in 1997, with 600,000 from the US. About 90% of the islands' food and consumer goods must be imported. The Caymanians enjoy one of the highest outputs per capita and one of the highest standards of living in the world. |
| Electricity - consumption | 1.422 billion kWh (1999) | 330.15 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - exports | 3 million kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - imports | 165 million kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production | 1.355 billion kWh (1999) | 355 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m highest point: Coloane Alto 174 m |
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: The Bluff 43 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | no natural fresh water resources; drinking water supplies must be met by rainwater catchments |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 95%, Macanese (mixed Portuguese and Asian ancestry), Portuguese, other | mixed 40%, white 20%, black 20%, expatriates of various ethnic groups 20% |
| Exchange rates | patacas per US dollar - 8.033 (January 2001), 8.025 (2000), 7.990 (1999), 7.978 (1998), 7.974 (1997), 7.966 (1996); note - linked to the Hong Kong dollar at the rate of 1.03 patacas per Hong Kong dollar | Caymanian dollars per US dollar - 0.82 (29 October 2001), 0.83 (3 November 1995), 0.85 (22 November 1993) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President of China JIANG Zemin (since 27 March 1993) head of government: Chief Executive Edmund HO Hau-wah (since 20 December 1999) cabinet: Executive Council consists of all five government secretaries, three legislators, and two businessmen elections: NA |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); Governor Bruce DINWIDDY (since 29 May 2002)
head of government: Chief Secretary W. McKeeva BUSH (since NA December 2001) cabinet: Executive Council (three members appointed by the governor, four members elected by the Legislative Assembly) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor is appointed by the monarch; the chief secretary is appointed by the governor |
| Exports | $2.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) | $1.2 million (1999) |
| Exports - commodities | textiles, clothing, toys, electronics, cement, footwear, machinery | turtle products, manufactured consumer goods |
| Exports - partners | US 47%, EU 30%, China 9.2%, Hong Kong 6.7% (1999) | mostly US |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | light green with a lotus flower above a stylized bridge and water in white, beneath an arc of five gold, five-pointed stars: one large in center of arc and four smaller | blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Caymanian coat of arms on a white disk centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms includes a pineapple and turtle above a shield with three stars (representing the three islands) and a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto HE HATH FOUNDED IT UPON THE SEAS |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $7.82 billion (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $1.18 billion (1999 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
1% industry: 25% services: 74% (2000 est.) |
agriculture: 1%
industry: 3% services: 95% (1994 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $17,500 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $30,000 (1999 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 2% (2000 est.) | 4.5% (2000) |
| Geographic coordinates | 22 10 N, 113 33 E | 19 30 N, 80 30 W |
| Geography - note | essentially urban; one causeway and two bridges connect the two islands of Coloane and Taipa to the peninsula on mainland | important location between Cuba and Central America |
| Highways | total:
50 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 0 km (2001) |
total: 406 km
paved: 304 km unpaved: 102 km |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | - | offshore financial center; vulnerable to drug transshipment to the US and Europe |
| Imports | $2.4 billion (c.i.f., 2000 est.) | $457.4 million (1999) |
| Imports - commodities | raw materials, foodstuffs, capital goods, fuels, consumer goods | foodstuffs, manufactured goods |
| Imports - partners | China 36%, Hong Kong 18%, EU 13%, Taiwan 10%, Japan 7% (1999) | US, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, Netherlands Antilles, Japan |
| Independence | none (special administrative region of China) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | clothing, textiles, toys, electronics, footwear, tourism, gambling | tourism, banking, insurance and finance, construction, construction materials, furniture |
| Infant mortality rate | 4.47 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | 9.89 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | -1.8% (2000 est.) | 2.3% (2000) (2000) |
| International organization participation | CCC, ESCAP (associate), IMO (associate), Interpol (subbureau), UNESCO (associate), WMO, WToO (associate), WTrO | Caricom (observer), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UNESCO (associate) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 16 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | The Court of Final Appeal in the Macau Special Administrative Region | Summary Court; Grand Court; Cayman Islands Court of Appeal |
| Labor force | 283,450 (1999) | 19,820 (1995) |
| Labor force - by occupation | restaurants and hotels 26%, manufacturing 22%, other services 52% (2000 est.) | agriculture 1%, industry 13%, services 86% (1995) |
| Land boundaries | total:
0.34 km border countries: China 0.34 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
0% permanent crops: 2% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 98% (1998 est.) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | Portuguese, Chinese (Cantonese) | English |
| Legal system | based on Portuguese civil law system | British common law and local statutes |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Council or LEGCO (23 seats; 8 elected by popular vote, 8 by indirect vote, and 7 appointed by the chief executive; members serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 22 September 1996 (next to be held by 15 October 2001) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - APPEM 2, UNIPRO 2, CODEM 1, UDM 1, UPD 1, ANMD 1 |
unicameral Legislative Assembly (18 seats, three appointed members from the Executive Council and 15 elected by popular vote; members serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 8 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - NA |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
81.69 years male: 78.88 years female: 84.64 years (2001 est.) |
total population: 79.18 years
male: 76.38 years female: 81.59 years (2002 est.) |
| Literacy | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 90% male: 93% female: 86% (1981 est.) |
definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
total population: 98% male: 98% female: 98% (1970 est.) |
| Location | Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China | Caribbean, island group in Caribbean Sea, nearly one-half of the way from Cuba to Honduras |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Central America and the Caribbean |
| Maritime claims | not specified | exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | none (2000 est.) | total: 121 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,034,181 GRT/3,191,597 DWT
ships by type: bulk 24, cargo 4, chemical tanker 34, container 1, liquefied gas 1, petroleum tanker 14, refrigerated cargo 40, roll on/roll off 2, specialized tanker 1 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Bahrain 2, China 1, Germany 4, Greece 27, Hong Kong 3, Italy 2, Japan 1, Norway 14, Sweden 13, United Kingdom 15, United States 35 (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | responsibility for defense reverted to China on 20 December 1999 | defense is the responsibility of the UK |
| Military branches | Macau garrison of China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) includes about 500 troops | no regular indigenous military forces; Royal Cayman Islands Police Force (RCIPF) |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49:
125,737 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49:
69,191 (2001 est.) |
- |
| National holiday | National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 20 December 1999 is celebrated as Macau Special Administrative Region Establishment Day | Constitution Day, first Monday in July |
| Nationality | noun:
Chinese adjective: Chinese |
noun: Caymanian(s)
adjective: Caymanian |
| Natural hazards | typhoons | hurricanes (July to November) |
| Natural resources | NEGL | fish, climate and beaches that foster tourism |
| Net migration rate | 9.25 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 12.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population
note: major destination for Cubans trying to migrate to the US (2002 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | the following is a listing of those associations that participated in the last legislative elections: Associacao de Novo Macau Democratico or ANMD [leader NA]; Associacao Promotora para a Economia de Macau or APPEM [leader NA]; Convergencia para o Desenvolvimento or CODEM [leader NA]; Uniao Geral para o Desenvolvimento de Macau or UDM [leader NA]; Uniao para o Desenvolvimento or UPD [leader NA]; Uniao Promotora para o Progresso or UNIPRO [leader NA]
note: there are no formal political parties, but civic associations are used instead |
there are no formal political parties but the following loose groupings act as political organizations; National Team [leader NA]; Democratic Alliance [leader NA]; Team Cayman [leader NA]; United Democratic Party [leader NA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | Catholic Church [Domingos LAM, bishop]; Macau Society of Tourism and Entertainment or STDM [Stanley HO, managing director]; Union for Democracy Development [Antonio NG Kuok-cheong, leader] | NA |
| Population | 453,733 (July 2001 est.) | 36,273 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 1.79% (2001 est.) | 2.03% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Macau | Cayman Brac, George Town |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 160,000 (1997) | 36,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km |
| Religions | Buddhist 50%, Roman Catholic 15%, none and other 35% (1997 est.) | United Church (Presbyterian and Congregational), Anglican, Baptist, Church of God, other Protestant, Roman Catholic |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
at birth: 0.86 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Suffrage | direct election 18 years of age, universal for permanent residents living in Macau for the past seven years; indirect election limited to organizations registered as "corporate voters" (257 are currently registered) and a 300-member Election Committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
fairly modern communication facilities maintained for domestic and international services domestic: NA international: HF radiotelephone communication facility; access to international communications carriers provided via Hong Kong and China; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) |
general assessment: NA
domestic: NA international: 1 submarine coaxial cable; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 176,837 (2000) | 19,000 (1995) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 120,957 (2000) | 2,534 (1995) |
| Television broadcast stations | 0 (receives Hong Kong broadcasts) (1997) | 1 with cable system |
| Terrain | generally flat | low-lying limestone base surrounded by coral reefs |
| Total fertility rate | 1.31 children born/woman (2001 est.) | 2.03 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 6.6% (2000) | 4.1% (1997) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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